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Aminet - June 1993 [Walnut Creek].iso
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ftp.faq
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1993-03-28
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0. Contents
===========
1. Introduction
2. FTP command list
3. Important sites
4. A Sample Session
5. The .netrc File
6. Archivers
7. The Archie Database
8. Mailservers
9. Transferring to Amiga
1. Introduction
===============
FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol, the program (ftp) with the same name
allows you to gain access to some other machines and store and/or retrieve
files. If you have a UNIX account with internet access and that box knows
the command 'ftp', you're almost done. If not, you have to get the files by
mail, see chapter 'mailservers'.
Normally one needs an account on the remote machine to use it, but a number
of machines have a setup that allows everybody to log in as the user 'ftp' or
'anonymous'. When you log in using the anonymous account you should type
your home login name as the password, especially when you upload. After
doing so you may retrieve all files found in the public areas there.
2. FTP command List
===================
The most important commands you'll need within ftp are:
open <site> Connects to a remote site, valid addresses see below
bin Sets the connection to binary mode for transfer of non-text files
get <rem> Receives the <remote> file. Can't do multiple files
mget <pat> Receives the files indicated by <pattern> or listed as args
put <loc> Transmits the local file <loc>
mput <loc> Transmits the files indicated by <pattern> or listed as args
dir <pat> Lists files in the current dir of the remote machine
ls <pat> Lists (short) the files
cd <dir> Changes the current directory on the remote site
lcd <dir> Changes the current directory on the local site
mkdir <dir> Creates a new directory on the remote site
prompt Toggles file confirmation for mget/mput
hash Toggles progress report when downloading
close Closes connection to the remote site
bye Quits the FTP client
Some specialties you should know in addition. The 'get' command allows you
to add a second argument that indicates the name to store it under. You can
use that to enter '-' or '|more' as the local name to view text files that
are on the remote machine. Example: 'get README |more' (no blank in front
of more!). The latter may not work on some UNIX flavors.
Also note that the ls and dir command only takes one argument, this can be
either an option or a pattern, but not both. The second argument is again
interpreted as the name to store the output under.
3. Important Sites
==================
Location Name Address Directory
-------- ---- ------- ---------
Switzerland amiga.physik.unizh.ch 130.60.80.80 pub/aminet/
Switzerland litamiga.epfl.ch 128.178.151.32 pub/aminet/
Scandinavia ftp.luth.se 130.240.16.3 pub/aminet/
Germany ftp.uni-kl.de 131.246.9.95 pub/aminet/
Germany ftp.uni-erlangen.de 131.188.1.43 pub/aminet/
Germany ftp.cs.tu-berlin.de 130.149.17.7 pub/aminet/
Germany ftp.th-darmstadt.de 130.83.55.75 pub/aminet/
Germany ftp.uni-paderborn.de 131.234.2.32 pub/aminet/
USA ftp.wustl.edu 128.252.135.4 pub/aminet/
USA merlin.etsu.edu 192.43.199.20 pub/aminet/
USA oes.orst.edu 128.193.124.2 pub/aminet/
Australia splat.aarnet.edu.au 192.107.107.6 pub/aminet/ (off peak)
USA wuarchive.wustl.edu 128.252.135.4 systems/amiga/
Finland nic.funet.fi 128.214.6.100 pub/amiga/
USA ux1.cso.uiuc.edu 128.174.5.59 amiga/fish/
USA grind.isca.uiowa.edu 128.255.19.233 amiga/
GERMANY ftp.dfv.rwth-aachen.de 137.226.4.105 pub/amiga
Note that the first group sites together are called 'AmiNet'. They mirror
each other which means they have the same files. Also, there are a lot of
other FTP sites around, but they're usually mentioned where required.
Both ux1 and grind have a full collection of Fish disks as their main
feature, so whenever I mention a program that is to be retrieved from a
Fish disk, you can get it there.
4. A Sample Session
===================
This is an example FTP session. What you have to type is in [angle] brackets
on a separate line.
~>
[ftp]
ftp>
[open 130.60.80.80]
Connected to amiga.physik.unizh.ch.
220 amiga FTP server (Version 5.60.97 Wed Dec 9 22:23:21 MET 1992) ready.
Name (amiga:umueller):
[ftp]
331 Guest login ok, send your userid as password.
Password:
[kdalton]
230- Welcome to amiga.physik anonymous FTP server
230- .....
230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.
ftp>
[cd pub/aminet]
250 CWD command successful.
ftp>
[get RECENT |more]
200 PORT command successful.
150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for RECENT (5676 bytes).
| Recent uploads to amiga.physik.unizh.ch [130.60.80.80] on 11-Dec-1992
| The last 7 days' uploads, newest first. Blank line=new day, + = long .readme
|
|File Dir Size Description
|------------------- --- ---- -----------
tiff2iff.lha gfx/conv 7K Converts TIFF files to Amiga IFF
DNetIRCpic.lzh comm/net 16K Demo picture of DNet IRC
DNetIRC.lha comm/net 88K+IRC intuition DNet client (dnetlib.o neede
ICoons_Nofp.lzh gfx/3d 172K+Spline based object modeller (no 68881 nee
1993.lha mods/u4ia 109K+ProTracker Module By U4ia called '1993'
skick321.lha os20/util 37K+Soft-kicker under OS 2.0 - new release
monoxyde.dms demo/mega 477K+MONOXYDE - new demo by Vanish
baudbandit1.4b.lha comm/misc 16K+Version 1.4b of baudbandit.device
jed206b.lha util/edit 144K+programmable, programmers editor. OS2.0+
--More--
[q]
226 Transfer complete.
local: |more remote: RECENT
5763 bytes received in 4.5 seconds (1.2 Kbytes/s)
ftp>
[cd game/think]
250 CWD command successful.
ftp>
[bin]
200 Type set to I.
ftp>
[get t-triz.lzh]
200 PORT command successful.
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for t-triz.lzh (56496 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
local: t-triz.lzh remote: t-triz.lzh
56496 bytes received in 0.43 seconds (1.3e+02 Kbytes/s)
ftp>
[bye]
221 Goodbye.
~>
5. The .netrc File
==================
You can put a file named .netrc in your homoe directory and make it contain
all information about how to log in at your favourite FTP site, it'll be done
automatically. After you create it, you have to 'chmod 600 .netrc' or it
won't be accepted. Here's an example, changed the password to your login
name. And never forget to add a blank line after the last command!
machine amiga.physik.unizh.ch
login ftp
password kdalton
macdef init
bin
cd pub/aminet
6. Archivers
============
Most files on FTP sites store their files in archived (compressed) format.
You can recognize the archiver used by the ending of the file name. These
are the most important ones:
Suffix Archiver Filename on Aminet
.lzh LhA LhA_e138.run
.lha LhA LhA_e138.run
.zoo Zoo zoo2-10.lzh
.zip Zip unzip-4.1.lzh
.dms DMS dms111.sfx
.run (LhA) -
.sfx (LhA) -
.tar.Z tar, compress tar-compress.lzh
The AmigaDOS versions of those archivers can be found on the AmiNet sites
(see above) in the directory pub/aminet/util/arc/ and to give you a start,
LhA is also stored in self-extracting form (.run or .sfx), just execute it to
extract it. .run files are in fact .lha files with a special header.
UNIX versions of most of these archivers are available. You can get them
from amiga.physik.unizh.ch in the directory /pub/aminet/misc/unix/, or
if they're not there, use archie (see below) to find them. The files names
are:
LhA lha-1.00.tar.Z
Zoo zoo-2.10.tar.Z
Zip unzip41.tar.Z
Dms dmscheck.c.Z
7. The Archie Database
======================
There is a database of all files on all FTP sites worldwide, called 'archie'.
They have a mailserver, a telnet service, and a client software. Telnet to
archie.sura.net and log in as 'archie', or send a mail containing HELP in its
body to archie@quiche.cs.mcgill.ca . You'll get more info that way.
8. Mailservers
==============
Some sites allow sending them magic mails which make them FTP things from
other sites, uuencode them and send them to you. Others only send the files
stored locally at that site. Here are the most important mail servers, send
a mail containing HELP in its body to find out more about them (note that
German links are slow, generally):
ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com
mailserver@nic.funet.fi
ftp-mailer@ftp.informatik.tu-muenchen.de
mrcserv@janus.mtroyal.ab.ca
mail-server@ftp.cs.tu-berlin.de
mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu
9. Transferring to Amiga
========================
After you have the files on your UNIX account, you need to get the files
home. If you have a modem-connection to your account, there are two
possibilities: ZMODEM and UUencode. The better one is using the program
'sz' which sends files using the ZMODEM protocol. If it's not present on
your site, you can get it from krynn.efd.lth.se:/pub/modem/rzsz9107.tar.Z and
compile it, or use archie to find a version specific for your UNIX flavor.
IF that's not possible, type 'uuencode <filename fileane' to get your file
typed to the screen. That output you store in a capture file of your
terminal program and uudecode it (uudecode can be found on Fish Disk 92).
If you don't have a modem, you can try to find a workstation with 3.5" Drive
as the Sun4 computers have. There you can either use the mtools (try 'man
mcopy') to store the files in MSDOS format and retrieve them using MSH (Fish
Disk 382), or you use gnu tar (UNIX version to be found on decuac.dec.com,
/pub/binaries/gnutar-1.10.tar.Z) to store files to the disk in .tar format
using the command 'gtar cfvM /dev/rfd0c'. Then you restore the files with
gnu gtar (amiga.physik.unizh.ch:pub/aminet/util/gnu/gtar110.lzh) and the FLAT
device (Fish Disk 535) and MSH (or any other PC format reading tool). Mount
FLAT:, and then enter 'gtar xfvM flat:MSH' or replace the MSH by the name of
your emulation tools.
If you'd like some additional info to be included in this FAQ, contact
ftp@amiga.physik.unizh.ch. -Urban Dominik Mueller